Hadith Number 1
Jaabir bin Samura radiyallahu anhu reports, “I observed Rasoolullah sallallahu alaihe wasallam lean on a pillow which was on his left side “.
Commentary
It is permissible to put a pillow on both the right and left as stated in the hadith. The left is
mentioned but only incidentally according to the rules and regulations of the muhadditeen
(hadith scholars) the left side is not mentioned in the well -known narrations. Imam tirmizi has for this reason commented on this at the end of the chapter.
Hadith 2
Abu Bakrah radiyallahu anhu relates that, “Rasoolullah sallallahu alaihe wasallam once said,
:Must I show you a great sin, from among the greatest sins?” The sahaabah replied, “Yes O
Rasoolullah sallallahu alaihe wasallam, do tell us.” Rasoolullah sallallahu alaihe wasallam
replied, “To ascribe a partner unto Allah. To disobey one’s parents. To bare false witness, (or tell a lie).
(The narrator is not sure which of the two Sayyidina Rasoolullah sallallahu alaihe
wasallam had said). At that time Rasoolullah sallallahu alaihe wasallam was leaning on
something. When he mentioned lies, he sat up, and because of its importance began to repeat it many times, till we began hoping that he would stop, and not repeat it so many times”.
Commentary
The reason for the sahaabah radiyallhu anhum wishing that Sayyidina Rasoolullah sallallahu alaihe wasallam should stop repeating it, is because of their love for Sayyidina Rasoolullah sallallhu alaihe wasallam, and there fear that he would become tired. It is enough to say a thing once.
It could be possible that he might have become angry, or that in anger, Sayyidina
Rasoolullah sallallahu aliahe wasallam might say something that would become a cause of loss to the ummah. Those who attend these type of religious or wordly assemblies are well aware of such situations.
Sayyidina Rasoolullah sallallhu alaihe wasallam repeated it to show its importance. Lies and falsehood inevitably gets a person involved in adultery, murder and many other sins.
Sayyidina Rasoolullah sallallahu alaihe wasallam also said, “When a person lies, the
angels stay a distance of a mile away from him because odour it causes in person’s mouth”.
He has also said, “A beliver cannot be a liar”. Sayyidina Abu Bakr Siddique radiyallahu Anhu says, “Stay away from lies, because lies keep away Imaan.” (Al-Itidaal)
In this hadith the major sins are mentioned. In the shari’ah there are two types of sins. One is the minor sins, which are forgiven after performing wudu, sallah, saum, haj etc. The second is the major or greater sins. These are never forgiven without sincere taubah (repentence). Certainly if Allah wills He will forgive even the major sins through His Great Mercy.
This is an exception, but the fundamental laws is that they are not forgiven without sincere taubah. The ‘alama differ as to the count of major sins.
Special books have been written on this subject. ‘Allaamah Dhahabi has written a special treatise on this subject, wherein he has counted four hundred major sins. Allamah Ibn Hajar has also written a two volume book which has been printed in Egypt.
He has mentioned all the major sins on every subject, like that of salaah, saum, zakaah, haj etc.
He has counted Tour hundred and sixty seven sins major sins in detail. Mulla Ali Qarri has written the commentary of the Shamaa-il Tirmidhi, the common major sins as follows:
To murder a person; adultery; homosexuality; the drinking of wine and other intoxicants; theft; falsely accusing a person; referring to give evidence of a factual incident; take a false oath; unlawfully taking possession of another’s wealth or belonging; running away from war against non-believers without a valid reason; dealing in interest; stealing an orphan’s possessions; taking and giving bribes; disobeying parents; cutting of relationship with one’s relatives; relating a false hadith;
breaking fast in Ramdhaan (without a valid reason); cheating in measures and weights;
performing a fardh salaah before or after its stipulated time; avoiding paying zakaah; hitting or illtreating a Muslim or non-Muslim with whom an agreement has been made; accusing or talk ill of the Sahabah radiyallahu anhum; backbiting especially about an aalim or a haafiz of Qur’aan;
telling tales (backbite) to an oppressor; being shameless and accept the prostitution or unlawful habits of one’s wife or daughter’s; pimping; abstaining from Amri-bin-ma;ruf Wan-nahyi anil munkar (commanding to do good, and prohibiting from committing evil), whilst having the strength and means to do so; practising black-magic (sihr-jadu) and teaching to others; casting a spell (black-magic) on someone;
learning the Qur’aan and forget it; burning a living thing without a valid reason; giving up hope of attending Allah’s mercy; having a fear of His punishment; a woman disobeying her husband and without a valid refused to fulfil his desires.
Mulla Ali Qaari has given the above examples of major sins in the Mazaahiri Haq, translation and commentary on Mishkaat a special chapter has been written in the beginning, where in similar sins have been mentioned.
It has also been stated there in that to ascribe a partner on to Allah, in whatever form, e.g making a partner in praying to him; in seeking assistance; in knowledge; in his divine power and authority in creating; in calling (someone not present) for help; in naming;
slaughtering; in offering a vow; or the handling over all such in matters to people instead of
Allah; etc. The following are also included in the kitaab: To make an intention to persist in
sinning; to consume intoxicants; marry one’s mahram; gamble; keep friendship with nonMuslim;
not to take part in Jihaad, whilst having the power to do so; eat the meat of a dead
animal; have faith in an astrologer, and forecasts of soothsayers;p criticise Sayyidina Rasulullah sallallahu alaihe wasallam and the malla-ikah, and to deny his (Sayyidina Rasulullah sallallahu alaihe wasallam’s) prophethood and their (malaa-ikah’s) existence; criticise the Sahabah radiyallahu anhum; cause a quarrel and fight between husband and wife; be wasteful;
create rebellion, intrigue or mischief; appear mude before others (besides one’s wife, or husband); be niggardly and stingy; not cleansing one’s self from urine and sperm (i.e. if these fall onto the clothing and body and are not washed); disbelieve and refute taqdder (divine fore-ordainment);
lower the trouser or lungi below the ankles in pride; lament (no-hah) a persons death; begin or invent a bad mode, thing or manner; be ungrateful to a benefactor; call a Muslim a disbeliever;
have intercourse with a menstruating woman; become happy when food becomes scarce; commit a sexual act with an animal; look at a man with lust; peep or spy in another’s house; degrade the Ulama or the Huffaaz of the Qur’aan; fail to treat all wives equally if one has more than wife; be unfaithful to amir or leader etc.
The major sins also have their stages. That is why in the above Hadith only the main ones among the major sins are mentioned according to their circumstances. The Ulama have written that to keep on committing a (minor) sin, results in it becoming a major sin, and by repenting sincerely a major sin is forgiven.
A sincere taubah is that, one should make a firm resolution that one shall not commit that sin again.
Hadith 3 and 4
Abu Juhayafah radiyallahu anhu reports that: “Rasulullah sallallahu alaihe wasallam said: ‘I do not lean when I have meals.’.”
Commentary
This manner of eating is against humility, and it drives one to eat more. Soem people are of the opinion that it results in creating a large tummy, and the food also does not digest quickly.
Sayyidina Rasulullah sallallahu alaihe wasallam mentions himself so that he may be emulated. The Ulama write that there are four methods of leaning, and all four are included here.
The first is to lean with either side of the bodyon a wall, pillow, etc. The second is to lean with the palms on the ground. The third is to sit cross legged on a pillow. The fourth method is to lean with the back on a large pillow or wall. All these postures are included in the above prohibition.
Hadith 5
Jaabir bin Samurah radiyallahu anhu says: “I had seen Rasulullah sallallahu alaihe wasallam leanon a pillow.”
Commentary
This is the same Hadith mentioned at the beginning of the chapter. The author wanted to
comment on this Hadith, therefore it is mentioned here
Chapter on Prophet leaning on something other than a pillow
The pillow has been discussed in the previous chapter. Besides this Sayyidina Rasulullah
Sallallahu ‘Alayhi Wasallam took support of people at the time of illness, and also leaned on
them as is evident from the narrations.
The author has therefore written this chapter separately.
Two narrations are mentioned in this chapter
Hadith Number 1 in leaning
Anas Radiyallahu ‘Anhu reports that Rasulullah Sallallahu ‘Alayhi Wasallam became ill. For this reason he came out of his room With the support of Usaamah Radiyallahu ‘Anhu, and led the Sahaaba in salaah. Rasulullah Sallallahu ‘Alayhi Wasallam wore a Yamaani printed shawl at that time.
Commentary
This has been discussed in hadith number six in the ‘Chapter on the Clothing of Sayyidina
Rasulullah Sallailahu ‘Alayhi Wasallam.’
Hadith Number 2 in leaning
Fadl bin ‘Abbaas Radiyallahu ‘Anhu says: “I came to Rasulullah Sallallahu ‘Alayhi Wasallam at
the time of his last illness before he passed away.
A yellow band was fastened around the mubaarak head of Rasulullah Sallallahu ‘Alayhi Wasallam. I greeted him and after replying, he asked me to fasten the band tightly around his mubaarak head. I carried out his request.
Thereafter Rasulullah Sallallahu ‘Alayhi Wasallam sat up, then stood up supporting himself on my shoulder, and entered the masjid”. There is a detailed-incident in this hadith.
Commentary
Sayyidina Rasulullah Sallallahu ‘Alayhi Wasallam fastened the band because of a headache.
Some ‘ulama have translated it as a turban instead of a band. It is evident that Sayyidina
Rasulullah Sallallahu ‘Alayhi Wasallam wore different coloured turbans.
The proof of the yellow turban is taken from this hadith. The incident which Imaam Tirmidhi has referred to has been mentioned in detail in the kittab ‘Majma’-uz Zawaa-id’. Sayyidina Fadl Radiyallahu ‘Anhu says:
I attended the noble assembly of Rasulullah Sallallahu’Alayhi Wasallam. I noticed that Rasulullah Sallallahu ‘Alayhi Wasallam had a fever and a band was fastened around his mubaarak head.
Rasulullah Sallallhu ‘Alayhi Wasallam said: ‘Hold my hand’. I held his hand and (we) entered the masjid. Rasulullah Sallallahu ‘Alayhi Wasallam sat on the mimbar, and said: ‘Call the people’. I went to gather the people.
After reciting the hamd and thanaa (thanks and praises to Allah) he addressed them on this subject: ‘The time has come near when I shall leave you. Whomsoever I had hit on the back may take revenge.
Whomsoever I have dishonoured or disgraced wrongfully, let him take revenge by dishonouring me. Let no person fear that if he takes revenage I shall hate him, for it is not my nature to do so, nor is it appropriate for me to do so. Remember, that person shall be very dear to me who avenges himself, or forgives me, so that I may meet my creator in happiness and without fear.
I will not consider it sufficient to announce this once only, but shall announce it again”. Thereafter he descended from the mimbar. After performing the zuhr salaah, he again ascended the mimbar and made the same announcement. He also repeated about the hatred as mentioned above, and added that if anyone owe’s anything, let him pay it because the disgrace of this world is much less than the disgrace of the hereafter.
A person stood up and said:
“Oh Rasulullah, you owe me three Dirhams’. Sayyidina Rasulullah Sallallahu ‘Alayhi Wasallain
said: ‘I will not refute someone’s claim, nor will I make him swear an oath, but I would like to ask you, how and when was it taken?’ He replied: ‘A beggar once came to you. You asked me to give him three Dirhams’.
Sayyidina Rasulullah Sallallahu ‘Alayhi Wasallam told Sayyidina Fadl Radiyallahu ‘Anhu to pay him the three Dirhams. Thereafter another person got up and said: ‘I owe the Baytul Maal (Public Treasury) three Dirhams, which I cheated and wrongfully took from it’.
Sayyidina Rasulullah Sallallahu ‘Alayhi Wasallam asked: ‘Why did you cheat?’ He
replied: ‘At that time I was in need and very desperate’. Sayyidina Rasuluilah Saliallahu ‘Alayhi Wasallam asked Sayydina Fadl Radiyallahu ‘Anhu to collect the money from him. Thereafter Sayyidina Rasulullah Sallallahu ‘Alayhi Wasallamn announced : ‘If anyone fears one’s habits, let him ask for a du’aa (because the time for departure is near).
A person got up and said. ‘Oh Rasulullah, I am a liar, a munaafiq (hypocrite) and I sleep a lot. ‘Sayyidina Rasulullah Sallallahu ‘Alayhi Wasallam made du’aa for him, ‘Oh Allah grant him truthfulness, a strong (and complete) imaan (faith), and cure from the illness of sleeping (a lot)’. After that another person stood up and said: ‘Oh Rasulullah, I am a liar, a munaafiq and there is no sin which I have not committed’.
Sayyidina ‘Umar Radiyallahu ‘Anhu warned him that he was openly declaring his sins. Sayyidina Rasulullah Saliallahu ‘Alayhi Wasallam said: ‘O ‘Umar, be calm, the disgrace of the world is lighter and better than the disgrace of the hereafter’.
Sayyidina Rasulullah Sallallahu ‘Alayhi Wasallarn made du’aa for that person, ‘Oh Allah, grant him truthfulness and a strong imaan, and make his life a better one’. Thereafter Sayyidina ‘Umar Radiyallahu ‘Anhu got up and said something to the congregation.
In reply to which Sayyidina Rasulullah Sallallahu ‘Alayhi Wasallam said: Umar is with me and I am with ‘Umar. After me ‘Umar will remain on the truth wherever he goes’. In another hadith it is stated that a person got up and said : ‘O Rasulullah, I am a coward and have the sickness of sleeping alot’. Sayyidina Rasulullah Sallallahu ‘Alayhi Wasallam also made dua for him Sayydina Fadl Radiyallahu ‘Anhu says: ‘We saw thereafter, that there was no person braver than him’.
After this Sayydina Rasulullah Sallallahu ‘Alayhi Wasallam went to the room of Sayyiditina Aayeshah Radiyallahu ‘Anha and repeated to the womenfolk what he had said to the menfolk. One Sahaabiyyah got up and said: ‘Oh Rasulullah, I am helpless from my tongue’. Sayydina Rasulullah Sallallahu ‘Alayhi Wasallam made dua for her’. Majma-uz-Zawaa-id.
These people called them self munaafiq (hypocrite) because of the fear they had of Allah. A few incidents are related in the second chapter of the ‘Stories of the Sahaabah Radiyallahu ‘Anhum’.
Due to the great fear that over came them, thay sometimes thought they had become hypocrites.
Even Sayydina Abubakr Siddiqe Radiyallahu ‘Anhu, who is the best person among the entire
ummah of Sayydina Muhammad Sallallahu ‘Alayh Wasallam, by the consensus of the ‘AhlulHaq (rightful ones), also at times, felt that he had become a munaafiq, as we find from the incident of Sayydina Hanzalah Radiyallahu ‘Anhu which is mentioned in the ‘Stories of the Sahaabah Radiyallahu ‘Anhum’.
Ibn Abi Mulaykah says: I saw thirty people among the Sahaabah Radiyallahu ‘Anhum who fear they might have become munaafiqs’. Hasan Basri RA, who is among the great sufis and a Taabi’ee says: These muslims of the past, i.e The Sahaabah Radiyallahu ‘Anhum and present muslims, i.e. those living among the Sahaabah and the Taabi’een, there are none among them who do not fear their nifaaq (hypocrisy).
And in the past, and present times,there is no munaafiq, that is not content’. It is also reported from Hasan Basri RA, that the person that does not fear hypocrisy is in actual fact a munaafiq. Ebrahim Taymi,who is among the fuqahaa of the Taabi’een says: ‘Whenever I compare my sayings to my deeds, I fear that they may be false’. Bukhaari, Fathul Baari.
What is meant, is the fear all these great personalities had for their own deeds. They thought of them as things that did not exist. nor had any value, as if nothing had been accomplished. They always feared that their advice and counsels etc. might become a means of their hypocrisy.
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